Designing a Digital Freight Trail

Abstract

Today, logistics data on freight transportation is maintained in various automated systems, which is due to the use of various types of transport, the presence of a certain software solution for the carrier, and the lack of unification of transportation documents. These aspects complicate the interaction of carriers with each other, create difficulties for monitoring the state of transportation and, as a result, increase labor costs for data analysis in order to make managerial decisions, which leads to additional cash costs for companies and suboptimal use of vehicles. In connection with the identified problem, the possibility of creating a digital trace (electronic passport) of a multimodal freight transportation is considered, the content of which reflects each link in the logistics chain of cargo delivery. The introduction of an electronic passport should solve the problem of completeness, relevance and availability of transportation data for each participant in the supply chain. The transportation documents for each type of transport are identified, the attributive composition of transportation documents for aviation, sea, rail and road modes of transport is analyzed, a review of source systems for each type of transportation documents is carried out. Assumptions are formulated for the attributive analysis of transportation documents, determined by the rules for their execution and established forms. As a result of the study of transportation documents, data were obtained on the number of general and specific attributes for each type of transportation documents, which allows us to talk about the possibility of creating an electronic passport for freight transportation. The format of the electronic passport of cargo transportation has been designed. The scheme of the integration solution for the formation of an electronic passport is given, the features of the formation of new transportation documents and keeping the current ones up to date are formulated. The advantages obtained from the introduction of an electronic passport in the context of current problems and such promising solutions as a logistics ecosystem, analytics using artificial intelligence methods are formulated.